The Function of Body Language in Holy Quran, as Well as Investigating its Implication and its Translations into Persian

اللغة هي أهم الأدوات للتواصل بين أفراد المجتمع ولها دورٌ مهمٌ في نقل المفاهيم والعواطف. وتُسمى هذه المفاهيم والعواطف «رسائل» وهي تنقسم إلى فئتين اللفظية وغير اللفظية إنَّ لغة الجسـد إحدى الأدوات لانتقال رسائل غير اللفظية والتي لها علاقة وثيقة بالثقافة  يهدف هذا البحث إلى دراسة دور لغة الجسد في القرآن الكريم ووظائفه في نقل الرسائل تحقيقاَ لهذا الهدف تم توظيف المنهج الوصفي التحليلي في شرح الموضوع لذلك تم تفسير الدلالات المترتبة على لغة الجسد بنماذج من الشعر العربي القديم في جانب الأدب الفارسي. وأما في هذا البحث تمّت دراسة 152 آية قرآنية تتضمّن الإشارة إلى أعضاء الإنسان والدراسة أدّت إلى الحصول على 75 آية تتضمّن دلالات لغة الجسد. وإمعان النظر في هذه الآيات کشف عن وجود 70% دلالة مشترکة بين نماذج لغة الجسد في اللغتين العربية والفارسية. فلهذا قام المترجمون الإيرانيون باستخدام ما يعادلها في الفارسية. وأمّا 30% من هذه النماذج فقد ترجمت إلى الفارسية على أساس السياق الثقافي الفارسي.As one of the most important tools to communicate, language plays a key role to transfer the meanings and emotions. These meanings and emotions, which are called "messages", are divided into two groups, verbal and nonverbal. Body language, with a close relationship to culture, is one of the nonverbal tools to deliver a message. This study, by using a descriptive-analytical method, investigates the role of body language in holy Quran and its functions in message delivery. In the same vein, body language-related implications, which have been mentioned in holy Quran, have been explained using some old Arabic poems and Persian poems. In order to do this, 152 verses of holy Quran have mentioned human’s body organs. The investigation revealed that among these verses, 75 of them show body language. Further assessment of these verses proved that 70 percent of the body language implications are similar in Persian and Arabic, so translators have used the Persian equivalents in order to translate them. Furthermore, almost 30 percent of these meanings have been translated based on the cultural context of the destination language, which is Persian

Features of Three- and Four-Part Proximal Humeral Fractures and Outcome of Internal Fixation Using the Philos® Locking Plate

Background: Proximal humeral fractures are among common types of fractures and remain a challenging issue for surgical management. This study aimed to assess the clinical outcomes and complication rates of three- vs. four-part proximal humeral fractures, treated with internal fixation using the Philos® plate.Material and Methods: In this cohort study, a total of 30 consecutive patients with three-part or four-part proximal humeral fractures based on the Neer classification were included. Surgical treatment was performed with open reduction and internal fixation using the Philos® plate. The constant score was evaluated 6 months later in follow-up. The P<0.05 was considered significant.Results: Four-part fractures were mainly caused by trauma from above, while insults of opposite direction were responsible for more than half of 3 part fractures (P=0.01). Open fractures were only observed in patients with a four-part fracture (P=0.018). No significant differences were noticed regarding gender, cause, and side of the fracture.The presence of other fractures, fracture of the implant, reduction loss, avascular necrosis (AVN) of humerus head, rotator cuff injury, and revision surgery were significantly higher in patients with four-part fractures.The mean constant score was 81.40±11.61 and 65.09±16.09 for three-part and four-part fractures, respectively (P=0.006).Conclusion: Open reduction and internal fixation with Philos® plate yield acceptable results in both types of fractures, however, the prognosis of this intervention is poorer four-part fractures

The relationship between job satisfaction and general health in workers and workplace accidents in medium-scale industries

Background & objective: Job satisfaction and high levels of general health in workers can lead to their better performance, the reduction of workplace accidents and ultimately the improved productivity of the organization. The present study was therefore conducted to assess the relationship between these variables and the incidence of workplace accidents in medium-scale industries in 2014-15. Methods: : The entire population of workers in three medium-scale industries (n=163) entered the study. Data collection was conducted using Goldberg’s General Health Questionnaire, the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire and a demographic questionnaire containing items on age, gender and the number of workplace accidents. The data obtained were then analyzed in SPSS-20 using the multiple-linear and the Poisson regression models. Results: The general health scores obtained by the participants ranged from 4 to 68 and had a mean and standard deviation of 25.87±13.085. The job satisfaction scores obtained ranged from 31 to 100 and had a mean and standard deviation of 63.45±11.462. The Poisson regression model showed that the level of education, age, physical symptoms and anxiety and insomnia had a significant relationship with the rate of accidents (P<0.05). The model also showed a significant relationship between job satisfaction and general health ( =-0.417 and P =0.001). Conclusion: The general health of the study participants can be said to be unacceptable and their job satisfaction to be medium. Devising plans for controlling and improving psychological and psycho-social factors such as job satisfaction is essential for workplace decision-makers, particularly in small and medium-scale industries. These plans can facilitate the achievement of higher health and safety levels in workers